Staff costs
Source - Oxford Economics & CIPD (2022): The average cost of replacing a UK employee is estimated at ~£30,000, comprising £3,500-£5,000 in direct recruitment & onboarding costs, plus ~£22,000 in lost productivity over the 6 months it typically takes a new employee to reach full effectiveness. Retention, wellbeing and mental health costs are additional.
Pupil costs
Every complex attendance case represents 30-60 hours of staff time per year. A single pupil with complex mental health needs can require over 100 hours of staff time annually - costing up to £12,000 when factoring in leadership time, wider disruption and staff impact.
Why belonging matters in your school
Lower belonging among disadvantaged pupils is a risk factor for both academic outcomes and emotional resilience.
OECD - Building emotional resilience in times of change: insights from PISA (2024)
When schools intentionally build belonging, this links to higher pupil motivation, improved academic outcomes, reduced absenteeism, and better staff wellbeing.
UCL Institute of Education - review on belonging and behaviour (2020)
Higher school belonging predicts fewer mental health difficulties and higher life satisfaction later on.
British Psychological Society - Does School Belonging Matter? (2022)
Schools with high retention rates often have teachers who feel a strong sense of belonging. A school culture that attends to pupils' belonging can also promote staff retention.
Hanson & Kraft - Teacher working conditions and retention in the post-COVID era (2024)